Comedy used in O`Brother Where Art Thou essays

Comedy used in O`Brother Where Art Thou essays The film O Brother Where Art Thou is a comedic adventure based on the Odyssey by Homer, to whom credit is given. The comedy in this film differs from many other movies. In films such as Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back or any given Jim Carrey comedy the elements of comedy are very obvious and easily laughed at. However, in O Brother Where Art Thou the comedy leans towards being more sophisticate and stereotypical, often being very subtle. While there is the slapstick of two men beaten with a club by John Goodman, who plays a one-eyed Bible salesman, it never fully contributes to the overall humor of the film. The attack of Big Dan played by John Goodman is not the only example of slapstick in this movie. Others include the gang unexpectedly falling out of a train the group is attempting to hitch a ride on. Ulysses, played by George Clooney, seems to be the object of slapstick pain continually, as in another example in this film he fights the seemingly nerd like suitor to his wife and is horribly beaten. The comedy is further escalated in this scene when most of the pummeling takes place off camera as the viewer sees the battled over wife watch the brawl. Fights and falls are, however, not the real substance to the comedic value of this film. Most of the hilarity occurs in subtle satire, mostly exaggerated stereotypes, and often evasive irony. Examples of this irony include the group being saved by their own casket, which they were told to share. Another, more subtle example, is the devil-like man preparing to kill them is in turn killed by water Pete and Delmar believe was sent by God. And while the bible salesman is killed by a burning cross at a KKK meeting, this is not the only incident of racial situations in the film. The stereotype given to Blacks in the 1930s in demonstrated by the blind radio manager, who would not let the group play if they were mostly negros. Another stereotype is the crazy incumbent ...

Battle of Hamburger Hill in the Vietnam War

Battle of Hamburger Hill in the Vietnam War The Battle of Hamburger Hill was fought May 10-20, 1969, during the Vietnam War (1955-1975). In late spring 1969, American and South Vietnamese forces commenced Operation Apache Snow with the intent of driving North Vietnamese troops from the A Shau Valley. As the operation moved forward, heavy fighting developed around Hill 937. This soon became the focus of the battle and additional American forces were committed with the goal of securing the hill. After a grinding, bloody fight, Hill 937 was secured. The fighting on Hill 937 was covered extensively by the press who questioned why the battle was necessary. This public relations problem escalated when the hill was abandoned fifteen days after its capture. Fast Facts: Battle of Hamburger Hill Conflict: Vietnam War (1955-1975)Date: May 10-20, 1969Armies Commanders:United StatesMajor General Melvin Zaisapprox. 1,800 menNorth VietnamMa Vinh Lanapprox. 1,500 menCasualties:United States: 70 killed and 372 woundedNorth Vietnam: Approximately 630 killed Background In 1969, US troops began Operation Apache Snow with the goal of clearing the Peoples Army of Vietnam (PAVN) from the A Shau Valley in South Vietnam. Located near the border with Laos, the valley had become an infiltration route into South Vietnam and a haven for PAVN forces. A three-part operation, the second phase commenced on May 10, 1969, as elements of Colonel John Conmeys 3rd Brigade of the 101st Airborne moved into the valley. Among Conmeys forces were the 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry (Lieutenant Colonel Weldon Honeycutt), 2nd Battalion, 501st Infantry (Lieutenant Colonel Robert German), and the 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry (Lt. Colonel John Bowers). These units were supported by the 9th Marines and the 3rd Battalion, 5th Cavalry, as well as elements of the Army of Vietnam. The A Shau Valley was covered in thick jungle and dominated by Ap Bia Mountain, which had been designated Hill 937. Unconnected to the surrounding ridges, Hill 937 stood alone and, like the surrounding valley, was heavily forested. Moving Out Terming the operation a reconnaissance in force, Conmeys forces began operations with two ARVN battalions cutting the road at the base of the valley while the Marines and 3/5th Cavalry pushed towards the Laotian border. The battalions from the 3rd Brigade were ordered to search and destroy PAVN forces in their own areas of the valley. As his troops were air mobile, Conmey planned to shift units rapidly should one encounter strong resistance. While contact was light on May 10, it intensified the following day when the 3/187th approached the base of Hill 937. Sending two companies to search the north and northwest ridges of the hill, Honeycutt ordered Bravo and Charlie companies to move towards the summit by different routes. Late in the day, Bravo met stiff PAVN resistance and helicopter gunships were brought in for support. These mistook the 3/187ths landing zone for PAVN camp and opened fire killing two and wounding thirty-five. This was the first of several friendly fire incidents during the battle as the thick jungle made identifying targets difficult. Following this incident, the 3/187th retreated into defensive positions for the night. Fighting for the Hill Over the next two days, Honeycutt attempted to push his battalion into positions where they could launch a coordinated assault. This was hampered by difficult terrain and fierce PAVN resistance. As they moved around the hill, they found that the North Vietnamese had constructed an elaborate system of bunkers and trenches. Seeing the focus of the battle shifting to Hill 937, Conmey shifted the 1/506th to the south side of the hill. Bravo Company was airlifted to the area, but the remainder of the battalion traveled by foot and did not arrive in force until May 19. Soldiers inspecting the damage in the surrounding area of Dong Ap Bia during Operation Apache Snow, May 1969. US Army Military History Institute On May 14 and 15, Honeycutt launched attacks against PAVN positions with little success. The next two days saw elements of the 1/506th probing the southern slope. American efforts were frequently hindered by the thick jungle which made air-lifting forces around the hill impractical. As the battle raged, much of the foliage around the summit of the hill was eliminated by napalm and artillery fire which was used to reduce the PAVN bunkers. On May 18, Conmey ordered a coordinated assault with the 3/187th attacking from the north and the 1/506th attacking from the south. Final Assaults Storming forward, Delta Company of the 3/187th almost took the summit but was beaten back with heavy casualties. The 1/506th was able to take the southern crest, Hill 900, but met heavy resistance during the fighting. On May 18, the commander of the 101st Airborne, Major General Melvin Zais, arrived and decided to commit three addition battalions to the battle as well as ordered that the 3/187th, which had suffered 60% casualties, be relieved. Protesting, Honeycutt was able to keep his men in the field for the final assault. US Army Photographer and assistant climbing through the devastated landscape on Dong Ap Bia after the battle. US Army Military History Institute Landing two battalions on the northeast and southeast slopes, Zais and Conmey launched an all-out assault on the hill at 10:00 AM on May 20. Overwhelming the defenders, the 3/187th took the summit around noon and operations began to reduce the remaining PAVN bunkers. By 5:00 PM, Hill 937 had been secured. Aftermath Due to the grinding nature of the fighting on Hill 937, it became known as Hamburger Hill. This also pays homage to a similar fight during the Korean War known as the Battle of Pork Chop Hill. In the fighting, US and ARVN forces suffered 70 killed and 372 wounded. Total PAVN casualties are unknown, but 630 bodies were found on the hill after the battle. Heavily covered by the press, the necessity of the fighting on Hill 937 was questioned by the public and stirred controversy in Washington. This was worsened by the 101sts abandonment of the hill on June 5. As a result of this public and political pressure, General Creighton Abrams altered US strategy in Vietnam from one of maximum pressure to protective reaction in an effort to lower casualties.

Building Pharaohs Chariot Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Building Pharaohs Chariot - Essay Example To achieve their mission, the experts had to undergo several challenges. They had a time limit of only eight weeks to build and test the chariot that was quite a limited amount of time for such an exercise. Building the chariot required the assistance of highly skilled craftsmen, who were hard to locate in a foreign land. They relied heavily on the locals to find such men but eventually were able to locate one of the best carpenters and craftsmen in Cairo. This was a relief as they were now able to proceed. Obtaining the right and exact materials of building the chariot was another challenge they had to encounter. Most of the building materials of ancient Egypt were imported hence unable to obtain locally. They experts had to make use of locally available materials in their construction that had the same capacity to work as those used in the prior construction of the chariot. Assembling parts of the chariot was a challenge. Some parts of the chariot such as the spokes, which in ancie nt Egyptian times were made in a V-shaped way and connected to the hub with only pressure and glue, were hard to bend and fix as effectively as the Egyptians did. They had to make the wheel light enough as was for the Egyptians who had concluded to the use of 6 spokes wheels as opposed to the use of 4 spokes wheels that made movement cumbersome and the eight spokes wheels that made the chariots heavy.The experts relied on information from ancient Egyptian tombs located in the Elcab settlement in present day Cairo, with walls crafted over 300 years ago.

Exercise Induced Asthma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Exercise Induced Asthma - Essay Example Asthma is chronic, or long term. (Exercise-Induced Asthma, 2006.) It is a condition of the lung and the main symptom is difficulty in breathing. The airways are extremely sensitive and when they are irritated, they react by narrowing or obstructing. As the air is restricted from moving, or circulating, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and shortness of breath are symptoms that result. Risk factors include lifestyle (location, the weather, diet, etc.), environmental (smoking, allergens, and pollutants, etc.), use of antibiotics, exposure in the workplace, and genetics. Sawicki and Dovey (2005) report, "Children with one asthmatic parent are 2.6 times more likely to have asthmaMaternal asthma appears to make a bigger contribution than paternal asthma to asthma in offspring; one study found a frequency of atopic manifestations (including atopic asthma) of 44 percent in children whose mothers had atopic asthma compared to only 25 percent of children whose fathers had atopic asthma." Factors that can exacerbate asthma include respiratory tract infections resulting from viruses, allergens (dust mites, pets, pollens, indoor contaminants, etc.), stress, and Last Name 3 exercise. Exercise is one of the most common triggers. When exercise triggers asthma attacks, this is known as exercise-induced asthma, or EIA. 7-10 percent of school children are affected by asthma and is a major reason for missed school days. There is twice the chance of low grade scores due to absence. When children miss school, parents also miss time at work. (The American Thoracic Society, Am J Respir Crit Care Med cites Dekker, Dales, Bartlett, et al, 1991; National Institutes of...30 percent of children under the age of two face incidences of wheezing and at this age, the incidences tend to peak at the ages of two and six months. allergens, and pollutants, etc.), use of antibiotics, exposure in the workplace, and genetics. Sawicki and Dovey (2005) report, "Children with one asthmatic parent are 2.6 times more likely to have asthmaMaternal asthma appears to make a bigger contribution than paternal asthma to asthma in offspring; one study found a frequency of atopic manifestations (including atopic asthma) of 44 percent in children whose mothers had atopic asthma compared to only 25 percent of children whose fathers had atopic asthma." Factors that can exacerbate asthma include respiratory tract infections resulting from viruses, allergens (dust mites, pets, pollens, indoor contaminants, etc.), stress, and 7-10 percent of school children are affected by asthma and is a major reason for missed school days. There is twice the chance of low grade scores due to absence. When children miss school, parents also miss time at work. (The American Thoracic Society, Am J Respir Crit Care Med cites Dekker, Dales, Bartlett, et al, 1991; National Institutes of Health Publication, 1995; Taylor and Newacheck, 1992.) Storms (2005) cite Hallstrand (2002), "9% of school children have EIA" and they cite ) and Rupp (1

Examples of ways to establish ground Essay Example for Free

Examples of ways to establish ground Essay Produce a briefing document for a new member of staff who will be delivering classes in your specialist area embedding functional skills. The document should demonstrate your understanding of: a) ways to establish ground rules with learners Beginners Massage Course Introductory Weekend Briefing document The aim of the Beginners Massage Course Introductory Weekend is to give people the chance to learn a few basic massage techniques and explore their interest in massage without having to commit to a full study programme. Before embarking on teaching the Intro weekend it is important to understand the need for ground rules: those already set by the organisation/ set by you, set by the learners themselves before /or during the course and rules agreed by both of you. Organisational Please read through our organisational policies procedures including Health Safety Fire policy; this enables you to understand what to do in the event of a fire and to instruct your students/learners on the evacuation procedure. the syllabus gives clear objectives; lesson plans with suggested time frames, how to assess, monitor and review the achievements of the students, different methods of teaching, resources to hand (course manuals,whiteboard etc.), progression routes from beginners, anatomy physiology through to practitioner level and also more course specific health and safety guidelines including advice on dress, jewellery, hygiene, use of equipment and the continuous observation of posture and correct stoke techniques. These provide a structure for the course for you the students to follow, supports the diversification of learning skills (demonstration, verbal, hands on, handouts etc.) and give clear guidelines on where to go next with their knowledge. There are a maximum of 10 students per class with a mix of male female of all ages though minimum age is 21. Due both to the  size of the room and our past experience we have found that this is an ideal number for a learning group. Requirements sent to all students at time of booking: please arrive by 9.50am you may wish to change into loose comfortable clothing please bring 2 large bath towels leave all your valuable at home i.e. we rings, necklaces, earrings etc. as we cannot be responsible for any loss or damage to these items as they will have to be removed during the class For the comfort of the student you will be working with, please ensure your nails are short. These requirements ensure the smooth running of the course, all students having correct equipment/can learn equally and the well-being of students. Tutor set At the start of the course it is good practice to establish some basic housekeeping practices: evacuation procedures, whereabouts of toilets, suggested break/lunch times and use of mobile phones. Introduce yourself. This gives a little of your background to the students, gives them an idea of where they can go and your experience. Give a brief overview of the weekend, how it will run Review/ recap at the end of each day what they have learnt and ask if there are any questions/areas that need attention. This way give structure to the course and helps manage expectations for the students. Student led/negotiated Give students opportunity to introduce themselves Students choose to work with another student and this partner can be kept for the whole weekend or they may change. Students are more compliant when they set the rules so allow them to decide if when they are ready to move onto the next technique or wish to review and repeat what they have already done. This way gives opportunity to learn the syllabus whilst allowing some fluidity in what pace the class moves at, allows access for everyone to learn equally and working with individual learning requirements. Understanding more about each other gives a feeling of community or familiarity within the group so mutual respect empathy can take place.

Movie Fight Club Essay -- Fight Club Movie Film films Movies essays

Movie Fight Club Fight Club may not be a traditional piece of rhetoric yet it lends itself surprisingly well to the principles of deconstruction as outlined by Foucault, Derrida, Grassi and Burke. The God-terms in the novel are not the God-terms that mainstream society is familiar and/or comfortable with, which is not an accident. The ideas and values that are given importance and dominance in this writing as well as the drama that the reader is invited into, are not those of mainstream society, which leads the reader to reevaluate his/her concepts of knowledge and power as well as the ethical self as created by the characters, situations, and the choice of language. The idea of logo centrism is a large part of the creation of the transcendental signified in this novel. In any given type of rhetoric the reader / listener / recipient inadvertently must decide what significance and value is placed on all aspects of the piece including that which in not shown by the language. The rhetoric of Fight Club forces the reader to make the uncomfortable choice of what the theme beyond the language is, what is assumed and what is taken for granted by the language in conjunction with what is taken for granted and assumed by the reader. In other words, the storyline and language in the novel force the reader to assign power and knowledge as well as importance to ideas and themes that rub against the grain of everyday common morals and blur the line between the traditional ideas of right and wrong. Faking an illness in order to find the feeling of acceptance as the protagonist in the novel does, is not â€Å"right† in the normal world view yet within the confines of this rhetoric it is â€Å"right† because of the peace that it brings ... ...whole. The reason that this works as rhetorical strategy is the reader is lured into a false expectation of the outcome of the novel. The reader assumes while reading that the participants in the fight club will come to some epiphany through their fighting. This is not at all what happens. The mini epiphany that takes place for the narrator is yet another prolonging and pushing aside the real problem, that of self acceptance. Another psychology of form with regards to the promise/fulfillment model is also prevalent in this discourse. The characters who feel othered are invited to accept that otherness and embrace it. What is promised to the reader by the discourse is the knowledge that their feelings of otherness are not theirs alone but are shared by many others and the promise of fulfillment is in the very fact that there are others.

Case Attrition Essay

Case attrition is the failure of arrests to come to trial; less than half of all felony arrests result in conviction (Meyer, J & Grant, D. 2003). Basically, case attrition is when an arrest does not end in a trial conviction, which happens quite often in the court justice system. The effect case attrition has on the criminal justice system effects all levels of the criminal justice process, because an arrest or no arrest affects all aspects of the criminal justice process. Law enforcement officers can develop negative feelings about the justice system and feel that their work is not getting noticed. The high levels of case attrition in modern systems shows that the criminal law has very substantial limitations as a direct crime control such as, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. Criminal convictions and penalties deserved punishment and reinforce important societal denunciation, but if these penal consequences are imposed according to procedure that are widely perceived as fair and just. Attrition can get rid of individuals in the over-worked justice system that were arrested that either had a problem with the legality of the arrest or it was the result of an overworked, or bad officer in a situation where an arrest was not necessary (Meyer, J & Grant, D. 2003). When these cases are removed from the justice system, it is possible for attorneys and judges to be able to focus on more serious crimes. Reference Meyer, J & Grant, D. (2003) The Courts in Our Criminal Justice System

How I met myself Essay

The English language is a thriving language. It is the window of various disciplines and knowledge. If you want to know more about the world, learn English†¦ English is a fun language, which inspire people from all walks of life. This language binds people from all over the world. So, don’t be afraid of this language. It is a language of love, peace and humility. Monday, November 25, 2013 Form 3 Novel- How I Met Myself It’s such an overdue post, PMR has just passed and here I am posting this long awaited entry on the Form 3 novel, How I Met Myself. This novel is all about finding your own ghost or doppelganger and answers the questions of â€Å"What If† and â€Å"If Only†. I found this novel as an interesting piece of literature as it questions the pasts and brings back the future, and it will definitely serves as a medium of intellectual discussions among students and teachers. By the time students reach the Third Form, I realize that students need to be stimulated and encouraged to participate well in group and class discussions as some students fail to give responses due to lack of stimulating readings and low self esteem. The idea now in Malaysia, is to let students take charge of the whole learning process, encourage them to think critically and creatively and teachers should take a back seat. Many times, teachers are deemed to be responsible on students’ learning p rocess but the reality is students should be held responsible for their own learning as well. In this entry, I’m sharing with you, some useful notes on this Form Three novel. Based on the novel â€Å" How I Met Myself† by David A. Hill, the theme that can be found is † Love †. This theme is significant in this novel as it revolves around John Taylor and his family. This can be seen from the way they take care of each other and stood by their spouses through difficult times in life. â€Å" Love† is definitely around John Taylor’s family as Andrea supports her husband through out the journey of their life. Never once in her life, that Andrea does not believe in John Taylor and his doppelganger. She is a symbol of a loyal and loving wife, who stands by her man, no matter what is happening to him. Finally, â€Å" love† is seen through  John Taylor. He is a responsible father and husband, even if he neglects his family for a while when he is carried away in finding his doppelganger. John Taylor is a character with full of love and care, he loves his wife unconditionally. In conclusion, â€Å" love† is widely seen in this novel through the characters of John Taylor and Andrea, his wife. They are the symbols of eternal love in these modern days, where love is not a language easily understood.

Reasons for Interpreting Screening Tests Results with Caution

Reasons for Interpreting Screening Tests Results with Caution Introduction People normally go for screening tests for specific reasons. There are different health related conditions at the family level that members may test. Screening tests enable families comprehend health related conditions in their lineages. Furthermore, screening generates accurate information, which informs patients decision-making processed. The results emerging from screening processes are crucial to clients.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Reasons for Interpreting Screening Tests Results with Caution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The interpretation of screening results is also crucial to providing clients with accurate information regarding their health conditions. Evidently, challenges associated with interpreting screening results are imminent. This increases the requirement that people interpret screening results with caution. In the subsequent sections, this paper discusses the reasons for excising caution while interpreting test results Possibilities for a false-positive result and a false-negative result Every family anticipates that screening should generate accurate information. However, screening outcome may hinder health related decision making in certain situations. Screening results may defectively discriminate between clients with disease and those without. This can happen when the outcome is incoherent with the actual clinical condition of client. The challenge may also emerge because of improper integration of screening outcome within the clinical contexts (Marotz Allen, 2013). Therefore, an imperfect screening test may erroneously categorize a healthy client as diseased. This creates the false – positive result situation. On the contrary, it may also erroneously identify a sick client as disease – free (Marotz Allen, 2013). This creates the false – negative result situation. There is the need for people in charge of screening pr ocesses to practice caution while interpreting results. The recognition that inherent operating characteristics of screening processes may generate inaccurate outcome requires caution (Marotz Allen, 2013). The ability of screening processes to ensure accuracy in excluding or including disease on a client may be prone to errors. This is a genuine reason demanding caution while reading screening results. The Role of Screening Tools Several tools are applicable in screening processes. Generally, people in charge of screening processes regard the tools as perfect. However, some screening tools may have defects and problems leading to failures. The screening tools that have defects may not generate accurate outcome. For example, instruments employed in cognitive measurements may fail to generate accurate outcome (Spencer, Bornholt Ouvrier, 2003).Advertising Looking for critical writing on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore, people in charge of the screening processes may openly abuse such tools thus affecting their accuracy. In addition, using screening tools designed for larger populations to test individuals may prompt cautious in the interpretation of outcome (Spencer, Bornholt Ouvrier, 2003). These concerns make it worth for people tasked with conducting screening processes to exercise precaution. They need to exercise precaution on the interpretation of screening outcome. The prevalence of disease It is notable that sometimes specialists are interested in conducting screening tests for specific diseases among people in a population. The specialists recognize that the popularity of a disease within a particular population significantly affects screening test effectiveness (Marotz Allen, 2013). It is notable that very good screening tests may have reduced extrapolative value positives in areas of low disease incidence. This normally presents additional challenges be cause people in charge of screening should have familiarity of the estimated disease incidence while interpreting screening outcome (Ore, Tamir, Stein Cohen-Dar, 2009). This is also a concern requiring people to exercise caution while interpreting screening outcome. Conclusion The above discussions relates to the reasons why people should exercise caution while interpreting screening outcome. The possibility of screening results generating a false – positive and false – negative outcome necessitates caution. Furthermore, the inaccuracy of screening tools as well as disease incidence may affect screening outcome. References Marotz, L. R., Allen, K. E. (2013). Developmental Profiles: Pre-Birth through adolescence (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. Ore, L., Tamir, A., Stein, N., Cohen-Dar, M. (2009). Reliability of vision screening tests for school children. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 41(3), 250-259. Doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2009.01283.xAdvertisi ng We will write a custom critical writing sample on Reasons for Interpreting Screening Tests Results with Caution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Spencer, F. H., Bornholt, L. J., Ouvrier, R. A. (2003). Test reliability and stability of childrens cognitive functioning. Journal of Child Neurology, 18(1), 5-11.

Understanding Earth and its History

Understanding Earth and its History We live in an interesting time that allows us to explore the solar system with robotic probes. From Mercury to Pluto (and beyond), we have eyes on the sky to tell us about those distant places. Our spacecraft also explore Earth from space and show us the incredible diversity of landforms our planet contains. Earth-observing platforms measure our atmosphere, climate, weather, and study the existence and effects of life on all the planets systems. The more scientists learn about Earth, the more they can understand its past and its future.   The name of our planet comes from an Old English and Germanic term eorà °e. In Roman mythology, the Earth goddess was Tellus, which means the fertile soil, while the Greek goddess was Gaia, terra mater, or Mother Earth. Today, we call it Earth and are working to study all its systems and features.   Earths Formation Earth was born  some 4.6 billion years ago as an interstellar cloud of gas and dust coalesced to form the Sun and rest of the solar system. This is the birth process for all stars in the universe. The Sun formed at the center, and the planets were accreted from the rest of the material. Over time, each planet migrated to its present position orbiting the Sun. The moons, rings, comets, and asteroids were also part of solar system formation and evolution. Early Earth, like most of the other worlds, was a molten sphere at first. It cooled and eventually its oceans formed from water contained in the planetesimals that made the infant planet. Its also possible that comets played a role in seeding Earths water supplies.   The first life on Earth arose some 3.8 billion years  ago, most likely in tidal pools or on the seabeds. It consisted of single-celled organisms. Over time, they evolved to become more complex plants and animals. Today the planet hosts millions of species of different life forms and more are being discovered as scientists probe the deep oceans and polar ices. Earth itself has evolved, too. It began as a molten ball of rock and eventually cooled. Over time, its crust formed plates. The continents and oceans ride those plates, and the motion of the plates is what rearranges the larger surface features on the planet. The known contents of Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North and South America, Central America, and Australia, are not the only ones Earth has had. Earlier continents are hidden underwater, such as Zealandia in the south Pacific.   How Our Perceptions of Earth Changed Early philosophers once put Earth at the center of the universe. Aristarchus of Samos, in the 3rd century B.C.E., figured out how to measure the distances to the Sun and Moon, and determined their sizes. He also concluded that Earth orbited the Sun, an unpopular view until Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus published his work called  On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres  in 1543. In that treatise, he suggested a heliocentric theory that Earth was NOT the center of the solar system but instead orbited the Sun. That scientific fact came to dominate astronomy and has since been proven by any number of missions to space. Once the Earth-centered theory had been put to rest, scientists got down to studying our planet and what makes it tick. Earth is composed primarily of iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, nickel, sulfur, and titanium. Just over 71% of its surface is covered with water. The atmosphere is 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, with traces of argon, carbon dioxide, and water. People once thought Earth was flat, but that idea was put to rest early in our history, as scientists measured the planet, and later on as high-flying aircraft and spacecraft returned images of a round world. We know today that Earth is a slightly flattened sphere measuring 40,075  kilometers around at the equator. It takes 365.26 days to make one trip around the Sun (commonly called a year) and is 150 million kilometers away from the Sun. It orbits in the Suns Goldilocks zone, a region where liquid water can exist on the surface of a rocky world.   Earth has only one natural satellite, the Moon at a distance of 384,400 km, with a radius of 1,738 kilometers and a mass of 7.32 Ãâ€" 1022  kg. Asteroids 3753 Cruithne and 2002 AA29 have complicated orbital relationships with the Earth; theyre not really moons, so astronomers use the word companion to describe their relationship with our planet.   Earths Future Our planet will not last forever. In about five to six billion years,  the Sun will begin to swell up to become a red giant star. As its atmosphere expands, our aging star will engulf the inner planets, leaving behind scorched cinders. The outer planets may become more temperate, and some of their moons could sport liquid water on their surfaces, for a time. This is a popular meme in science fiction, giving rise to stories of how humans will ultimately migrate away from Earth, settling perhaps around Jupiter or even seeking out new planetary homes in other star systems. No matter what humans do to survive, the Sun will become a white dwarf, slowly shrinking and cooling over 10-15 billion years. Earth will be long gone.   Edited and expanded by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Portfolio base on Case study on sexual child exploitation in Uk and 2 Assignment

Portfolio base on Case study on sexual child exploitation in Uk and 2 different countries - Assignment Example This brings about confusion between the agencies as well as obstacles to information sharing. For instance, a report by the Victorian ombudsmen in Australia, revealed that child protection personnel do have false beliefs concerning their limits under the Information Privacy Act and in most instances they end up not revealing identity of offenders or the child victims to the Police when allegations of sexual abuse arises (Australian Government, 2012). This is also true in UK whereby the child protection departments do not offer their personnel sufficient training, guidance or even resources to make certain a suitable phase of privacy compliance is taken into consideration, in relation to collection, application and revelation of personal information regarding alleged offenders or the child (National Council to educe Violence against Women and their Children, 2009, p. 2011). Likewise, the UK faces the same challenges whereby the agencies concerned with child protection are reactive rat her than preventive in most cases. It takes a long time for the information concerning a particular child sex abuse investigation with approach to be taken, from being defined based on the problem presented. The police and the social work service do not effectively share or jointly assess all of their relevant information during the initial planning. Planning ought to take into consideration the needs of and danger to the child, in particular the medical information (Dewar, 1998, p 5). The same case is in South Africa whreby child welfare agencies are not colloborating effectively under a common framework using the three-pronged strategy of prevention, safeguard and prosecution. The agencies in most instances do not possess a shared consideration of the predicament of child sexual exploitation (South African Human Rights Commission, 2002, p. 16) For instance, in the case of Martin Jenkins, care workers were aware that Martin Jenkins had sex with the mispers whilst at the flat and th at Martin Jenkins would only allow this to happen if the girls performed oral sex on him, but such information was not disclosed acted upon by the police until when PV1 made an official complaint with the police even though the care workers knew about it. Unlike in Australia UK professionals interacting with the child even though they are aware of the developing awkward behaviours, do not make collaborate effectively to make referral to suitable agencies, due to restrictive privacy laws. The screening process does not lead to risk assessments having high rate of correctness, and as such the risk instruments result in inappropriately high phases of false positives (Munro, 2007). In terms of multi-agency workings, differences do exist in the manner in which child exploitation professionals, evaluate what is considered to be conventional and what is not, in particular where individual organisations feels that there are issues that need to be addressed. For these agencies to be effectiv e, the collective responsibility should involve an overlap or integration of roles, whereby Communication is at every level of working. Emphasis should be placed on effective information allotment, cooperation and understanding involving agencies and notable professional when it comes to promoting the children well-being plus safeguarding them from sexual exploitation (Atkinson & et tal, 2002, p. 3). Infra-Structure to Support Victims According to a research conducted by the

Paraphase 5 abstracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paraphase 5 abstracts - Essay Example The thesis offers an alternative approach to managing freight train schedules in both single and double track railway systems. It explores a scope that previous literature have failed to cover, the rail’s ability to accommodate different levels of demand. Previous literatures also fail to consider alternating tracks in railway stations, crossovers, and delays that trains incur during sidings. The author then proposes a management model that is independent of time but considers the factors that have been ignored by previous researchers. They offer linear programming approach that is based on data from Canada Pacific Railway (Le 1). Abstract 2: Learning approaches for QoS-based web service trust by Mahamad Mehdi Software developers that operate on wide scopes are changing their designs towards computing systems that are open and diversified. The new models focus on developing links among different users and the quality of achieved connectivity is of supreme interest. One of the new designs is Service Oriented Computing. Users of such systems rely on dependence on one another towards realization of business goals that are often similar but have wide scopes. The desired quality of the systems’ interaction however dictates selection of services and the contents of such services, a concept that identifies the need for trust among parties that engage in a network. A user then rates other parties’ trust levels from which services are managed. Based on this interaction model, services that offer more trust assumes higher probabilities of being incorporated in a user’s system. The authors, in an attempt to understand trustworthiness of services through Bayesian inferences and Bayesian Networks, simulates a machine learning task and applies probability concept in analysis. The author also offers a model that is based on Bayesian Network to determine level of trustworthiness of Quality of services in the internet. With test of validity, the rese archers establish that statistical distributions for determining levels of trust of web services are flexible, precise, and are significant to improving the choice and content of a service (Mehdi 1). Abstract 3: Model-driven aspect-oriented software security hardening by Djedjiga Mouheb The scope of software engineering identifies significance of security, a concept that people consider and incorporate after development of software. This means that software developers complete their work without provisions for security and security aspects are fixed later in the software’s lives. The current nature of software environment that is complicated, with a poor directional influence has however facilitated the approach to software security despite its high costs and its effect of reduced security level of a system. This means that security systems are integrated into software but the software remains susceptible to threats. The widely scoped need for security for all software also m eans that each security system is used, diversely, in many features of software. The approach to software security that is also manual is labour intensive and is prone to errors that may further compromise software’s security. An approach to incorporating security systems from software’s earlier stages is therefore necessary and the researchers explore a